Kev ua haujlwm txij nkawm khoom siv raug muab faib ua kev txij nkawm txhua hnub, kev txij nkawm thawj zaug thiab kev txij nkawm thib ob raws li qhov ua haujlwm thiab qhov nyuaj. Lub kaw lus txij nkawm uas tshwm sim hu ua "lub kaw lus txij nkawm peb theem".
(1) Kev saib xyuas txhua hnub
Nws yog txoj haujlwm saib xyuas cov khoom siv uas cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua hauv txhua lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, uas suav nrog: kev ntxuav, kev ntxiv roj, kev kho, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom ib leeg, kev tshuaj xyuas cov roj nplua nyeem, suab nrov tsis zoo, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev puas tsuaj. Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog ua ua ke nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, uas yog ib txoj hauv kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv uas tsis siv sijhawm ua haujlwm ib leeg xwb.
(2) Kev saib xyuas thawj zaug
Nws yog ib daim ntawv kho kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem uas tsis ncaj qha raws li kev tshuaj xyuas tas li thiab ntxiv los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev kho. Nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog: kev tshuaj xyuas, kev ntxuav, thiab kev kho qhov chaw ntawm txhua yam khoom siv; kev tshuaj xyuas cov xov hluav taws xob ntawm lub txee faib hluav taws xob, kev tshem tawm plua plav, thiab kev nruj; yog tias pom muaj teeb meem zais thiab qhov tsis zoo, lawv yuav tsum tau tshem tawm, thiab yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov xau. Tom qab theem thawj zaug ntawm kev kho, cov khoom siv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua: huv si thiab ci ntsa iab; tsis muaj plua plav; kev ua haujlwm yooj ywm thiab kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj; kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, cov cuab yeej qhia ua tiav thiab txhim khu kev qha. Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho, cov kev phom sij zais, qhov tsis zoo uas pom thiab tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm kho, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm. Kev kho theem thawj zaug feem ntau yog raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kho kev tshaj lij koom tes thiab coj.
(3) Kev saib xyuas theem ob
Nws yog raws li kev saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev saib xyuas thib ob yog ib feem ntawm kev kho thiab kev kho me me, thiab ib feem ntawm kev kho nruab nrab yuav tsum ua tiav. Nws feem ntau kho qhov hnav thiab puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog. Los yog hloov. Kev saib xyuas thib ob yuav tsum ua tiav tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm kev saib xyuas thawj zaug, thiab tseem yuav tsum tau ntxuav tag nrho cov khoom siv lubrication, ua ke nrog lub voj voog hloov roj los xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov roj lubricating, thiab ntxuav thiab hloov roj. Tshawb xyuas qhov xwm txheej dynamic thiab qhov tseeb tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv (suab nrov, kev co, kub nce, qhov ntxhib ntawm qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam), kho qib kev teeb tsa, hloov lossis kho cov khoom, ntxuav lossis hloov cov kabmob lub cev muaj zog, ntsuas qhov tsis kam ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab kev saib xyuas thib ob, qhov tseeb thiab kev ua tau zoo yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li cov txheej txheem xav tau, thiab tsis muaj roj xau, cua xau, hluav taws xob xau, thiab suab, kev co, siab, kub nce, thiab lwm yam ua tau raws li cov qauv. Ua ntej thiab tom qab kev saib xyuas thib ob, cov xwm txheej dynamic thiab static ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ntsuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo. Kev saib xyuas thib ob yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev tshaj lij, nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog.
(4) Kev tsim cov txheej txheem saib xyuas peb theem rau cov khoom siv
Yuav kom ua tau raws li peb theem kev saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom siv, lub voj voog saib xyuas, cov ntsiab lus saib xyuas thiab cov sijhawm teev tseg ntawm txhua yam khoom yuav tsum tau tsim raws li kev hnav, kev ua tau zoo, qib kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov tseeb thiab qhov ua tau ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm txhua yam khoom siv, ua lub hauv paus rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm txoj kev npaj saib xyuas cov khoom siv tau pom hauv Rooj 1. "Ο" hauv rooj txhais tau tias kev saib xyuas thiab kev tshuaj xyuas. Vim muaj ntau pawg saib xyuas thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau lub sijhawm sib txawv, cov cim sib txawv tuaj yeem siv los qhia txog ntau pawg saib xyuas hauv kev xyaum, xws li "Ο" rau kev saib xyuas txhua hnub, "△" rau kev saib xyuas thawj zaug, thiab "◇" rau kev saib xyuas thib ob, thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom siv yog "riam phom" uas peb tsim tawm, thiab peb xav tau kev saib xyuas tas mus li kom tau txiaj ntsig ntau tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, thov ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov khoom siv thiab siv "riam phom" kom zoo tshaj plaws.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-06-2021